By Dr. Rick Sterett
Learning to ride a bibicycle is a significant event for a child. It provides independence and marks a developmental milestone. Unfortunately, bicycles are still associated with serious injuries, and sometimes fatalities.
Children’s Hospital of Nevada has some reminders to help parents keep their kids safe. With these basic bicycle safety guidelines, they can teach these rules to their children, and accidents can be prevented.
First, parents need to choose the right size of bicycle. Buying a large bicycle so your child can grow into it is dangerous. A bicycle that is too big is too dangerous, so buy a bicycle that fits your child Most children are not ready to ride a two-wheeled bicycle until they are about 5 years old. Don’t push them to ride until they are ready.
When buying a bicycle, take your child with you so you can assure a proper fit. To test a bicycle for fit:
1. Have your child sit on the bike with the hands on the handlebars and check that he/she can place the balls of both feet on the ground at the same time.
2. Next, have them stand straddling the cross bar. They should have at least one inch of clearance.
3. Bicycles with hand brakes should be reserved for older children who have the strength and dexterity to use the hand brakes properly.
Helmets are a life-saver. At Children’s Hospital of Nevada, children are able to be treated for minor bumps and bruises from a bike fall when they were wearing a helmet, but the injuries are much more severe and can be fatal for a child who was not wearing a helmet and fell or was knocked off a bike.
Buy a bicycle helmet that meets the safety standards of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Bicycle helmets have been designed for protection in head-first falls. In addition, they are light and provide good ventilation. Multisport helmets that are certified by the CPSC to meet bicycle standards are also acceptable. Helmets are available in sizes for toddlers through adults. Also, do not let your child have a helmet in used condition, as it may have been damaged in a previous crash. Finally, helmets involved in serious accidents should be replaced.
Both hard shell and soft shell helmets are available that meet CPSC standards. Their differences are mainly style and comfort. The hard shell helmets are probably more durable.
Helmet fit is important so that it provides good protection. The chin strap is essential. The helmet should be worn on the top of the head covering the top of the forehead.
Use the chin strap to make sure the helmet fits snuggly with minimal movement. Tipping the helmet back lessens the protection afforded by the helmet. Helmets can last several years. Many have straps or pads that can be adjusted as the child grows.
Helmets should be worn on every bike ride. Wearing a helmet should be a habit. This is important because the majority of accidents happen close to home and they often occur on sidewalks and bike paths.
Before allowing your child to ride on streets it’s important that they know basic traffic rules and hand signals.
1. Never allow your child to ride against traffic. Riding a bicycle on the right with traffic is much safer. Approximately one quarter of bicycle-motor vehicle accidents occur when bicyclists ride against traffic, as this can surprise and confuse drivers.
2. Hand signals allow the bicyclist to communicate with drivers.
3. Obeying stop signs and traffic lights have obvious safety implications.
Finally, children should not be riding their bicycles at dusk or after dark. Bike reflectors and/or reflective vests do not provide adequate protection.
Dr. Rick Sterett is a Pediatric Intensivist at Children’s Hospital of Nevada. He has taught his own two children how to safely ride their bikes. For more information about Children’s Hospital of Nevada, please log on to childrenshospitalofnevada.org.